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Table of contents; Basic Statistics of the Russian Federation, 2012; Executive summary; Main findings; Strengthening the macroeconomic framework; Establishing a transparent, coherent and predictable business climate; Strengthening skills and innovation; Key recommendations; Strengthening the macroec...

Table 1. Macroeconomic indicators and projectionsStable and sustainable growth requires a stronger macroeconomic policy framework; Figure 3. Overall and non-oil general government balance; Figure 4. Key banking sector indicators; Figure 5. Structure of the banking system; Box 1. Recommendations for...

Figure 9. Population by age and sexImproving the business climate; Corruption and rule of law are still a big problem; Figure 10. Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index; The role of the state in economy is large; Figure 11. Product market regulation indicator: Public ownership; Figu...

Barriers to trade and FDI remain highTackling transport bottlenecks; Figure 15. Competitiveness and quality of transport infrastructure; Figure 16. Railway share of freight transport; Figure 17. Average traffic speed in peak hours in selected cities; Box 2. Recommendations for establishing a transpa...

Figure 20. Expenditures on labour market policiesEducation enrolment is high but quality and equality of opportunities need to be improved; Figure 21. Quality of the education system; Figure 22. Education spending and PISA scores; Strengthening innovation in Russian firms; Figure 23. Innovation in t...

Figure 1.1. Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index