Association of Type 2 Diabetes Candidate Polymorphisms in KCNQ1 With Incretin and Insulin Secretion
Karsten Müssig 1 ,
Harald Staiger 1 ,
Fausto Machicao 1 ,
Kerstin Kirchhoff 1 ,
Martina Guthoff 1 ,
Silke A. Schäfer 1 ,
Konstantinos Kantartzis 1 ,
Günther Silbernagel 1 ,
Norbert Stefan 1 ,
Jens J. Holst 2 ,
Baptist Gallwitz 1 ,
Hans-Ulrich Häring 1 and
Andreas Fritsche 1
1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology, and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, University
Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany;
2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Corresponding author: Hans-Ulrich Häring, hans-ulrich.haering{at}med.uni-tuebingen.de .
Abstract
OBJECTIVE KCNQ1 gene polymorphisms are associated with type 2 diabetes. This linkage appears to be mediated by altered β-cell function. In
an attempt to study underlying mechanisms, we examined the effect of four KCNQ1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on insulin secretion upon different stimuli.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We genotyped 1,578 nondiabetic subjects at increased risk of type 2 diabetes for rs151290, rs2237892, rs2237895, and rs2237897.
All participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT); glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and gastric inhibitory peptide
secretion was measured in 170 participants. In 519 participants, a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp was performed, in 314
participants an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT), and in 102 subjects a hyperglycemic clamp combined with GLP-1
and arginine stimuli.
RESULTS rs151290 was nominally associated with 30-min C-peptide levels during OGTT, first-phase insulin secretion, and insulinogenic
index after adjustment in the dominant model (all P ≤ 0.01). rs2237892, rs2237895, and rs2237897 were nominally associated with OGTT-derived insulin secretion indexes (all P < 0.05). No SNPs were associated with β-cell function during intravenous glucose or GLP-1 administration. However, rs151290
was associated with glucose-stimulated gastric inhibitory polypeptide and GLP-1 increase after adjustment in the dominant
model ( P = 0.0042 and P = 0.0198, respectively). No associations were detected between the other SNPs and basal or stimulated incretin levels (all
P ≥ 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS Common genetic variation in KCNQ1 is associated with insulin secretion upon oral glucose load in a German population at increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
The discrepancy between orally and intravenously administered glucose seems to be explained not by altered incretin signaling
but most likely by changes in incretin secretion.
Footnotes
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Received November 14, 2008.
Accepted March 28, 2009.
Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work
is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.
© 2009 by the American Diabetes Association....

Association of Type 2 Diabetes Candidate Polymorphisms in KCNQ1 With Incretin and Insulin Secretion

10.2337/db08-1589