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Intro -- Preface -- Foreword -- Executive summary -- Key findings and recommendations -- 1 Synthesising good practices in fiscal federalism -- Introduction -- Policies for fiscal decentralisation: A meta-analysis of OECD country surveys -- A snapshot of fiscal decentralisation in OECD countries -- W...

Benchmark performance nationally and internationally -- Improve quality and accessibility of performance data -- Implementing joint procedures and centralising procurement across SCGs -- Build SCG professional capacity -- Enhance monitoring, including through oversight at the national level -- Refer...

Evaluating the equalisation system modality -- Equalisation modality hinges on how fiscal capacity is measured -- Data requirements vary with the design of the equalisation system -- Selecting the rate of equalisation -- Equalisation may not supplant all other transfers -- Implementing transition me...

4 Spending autonomy and public sector performance across levels of government -- Introduction -- Expenditure shares, spending power and fiscal autonomy -- Measuring subnational autonomy through expenditure shares -- Developing spending autonomy indicators -- Defining the indicators -- Levels of gove...

Use of digital geographic information systems (GIS) -- E-health services -- Digital services in education -- Digital portals -- Electronic payments for subnational services and transfers -- E-procurement -- Digital information systems -- Open government and transparency -- Use of social media -- Cha...

Balancing borrowing, tax and spending autonomy and aligning autonomy with responsibility.