Of the total registered cases of communicable disease in 2019, 34·6% were respiratory infectious diseases, 34·6% were sexually transmitted infections (STIs), 20·3% were gastrointestinal diseases, 0·6% were zoonotic infections, 0·6% were blood transmitted-infections, and 4·4% were other infections. [...]typhoid and polio had been eradicated, no cases of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis had been recently reported, and there was a steady decrease in the incidence of measles and hepatitis B. Mongolia has a high burden of viral hepatitis, with about one in ten people living with chronic hepatitis B and an estimated prevalence of between 6·4% and 11·1%. “The overuse can contribute toward the growing number of bacterial infections that are becoming resistant to antibacterial medications”, a UNICEF Mongolia spokesperson told The Lancet Infectious Diseases. “Since 2017 the antibiotics have been sold only with prescriptions.”